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What is twisted pair Ethernet?

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Author : CETUS INTL
Update time : 2023-11-16 10:35:07
Do you have doubts about the term twisted pair Ethernet? This article will introduce you to twisted pair Ethernet.

What is twisted pair Ethernet?
Twisted-pair Ethernet refers to an Ethernet physical layer that uses multiple insulated copper cables to be twisted into pairs for transmission. In other words, the Internet protocol provides data link layer services in this network. Other Ethernet cable standards apply to coaxial cable or fiber optic cable.

twisted pair cable

There are many different standards that apply to this physical medium based on copper wire.
The most widely used include 10BASE-T, 100BASE-TX and 1000BASE-T. These rates are 10Mbit/s, 100Mbit/s, and 1000Mbit/s (1Gbit/s).

It is worth mentioning that all three standards use the same connector. Higher-speed designs are almost always compatible with lower-speed standards, so in most cases devices with different speed standards can be mixed freely.
All three standards use an 8-contact crystal connector, usually called RJ45 in twisted-pair Ethernet. Cables usually use four or more twisted pairs. Each of these three standards supports both full-duplex and half-duplex standards. According to standards, they all operate normally at distances of up to more than 100 meters.

The standard name is derived from the physical medium used. The numbers refer to the maximum theoretical transmission of megabytes per second. BASE is the abbreviation of baseband. This means that no frequency division multiplexing or other frequency conversion techniques are used; each signal completely dominates the cable on a single frequency.

T stands for twisted pair cable, where each pair of twisted pairs carrying signals is twisted around each other (between FEXT and NEXT) to reduce electromagnetic interference and crosstalk. There are many different standards under the same transmission rate, and they are distinguished by a letter or number followed by T, such as TX. Some high-speed standards use coaxial cables and are assigned the code name CX.

The above is an introduction to twisted pair Ethernet.