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What are the types of network interfaces?

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Author : CETUS INTL
Update time : 2024-08-01 09:11:47
Ethernet switches are crucial devices in networking. Many people may not understand the data interface types of Ethernet switches. 

네트워크 인터페이스에는 어떤 유형이 있나요?

RJ-45 interface
The RJ-45 interface is our most common network device interface now, and the professional term is RJ-45 connector. Is part of the twisted pair Ethernet interface category. You can only plug in the RJ-45 connector in one way. Equipped with a plastic spring, it prevents from coming loose from the RJ-45 slot. 
This interface is compatible with 10Base-T Ethernet, 100Base-TX Ethernet, and 1000Base-TX Ethernet. All transmission mediums utilize twisted pair cables. 
Nonetheless, the media has varying needs based on the bandwidth. For a connection to 1000Base-TX Gigabit Ethernet, it's crucial to utilize a minimum of Category 5e cables. To guarantee consistent high speed, Category 6 cables are a necessity.

RJ-11 interface
The RJ-11 interface is remarkably similar to the RJ-45 interface, but it only has 4 pins. In computer systems, RJ-11 is mainly used to connect modems.
In daily applications, RJ-11 is commonly used in telephone lines.

SC fiber optic interface
The SC optical fiber connector was utilized during the period of 100Base-TX Ethernet. So, it was named 100Base-FX then, but it didn't perform as well as twisted pair and was more expensive. 
Therefore, it has not been popularized. The industry is now actively advocating for Gigabit networking. The SC optical fiber interface has received renewed attention.
Various kinds of optical fiber interfaces exist. SC optical fiber interfaces are primarily used in local network switching. These interfaces can be found on specific high-performance Ethernet routers and switches.
It looks strikingly similar to the RJ-45 connector. The obvious difference is the contact piece inside. An interface with 8 slender copper connectors is known as an RJ-45. Conversely, if it's a copper column, it's an SC optical fiber interface.

FDDI interface
Among all the presently developed LAN technologies, FDDI boasts the fastest data transfer speed. FDDI utilizes dual-ring tokens and can achieve a transmission speed of up to 100Mbps. CCDI is a derivative of FDDI.
It employs twisted pair copper cables as the medium for transmission, and typically, the data transmission speed is 100Mbps. FDDI-2 is an enhanced protocol of FDDI that facilitates the transmission of voice, video, and data. There's another FDDI variant known as FDDI Full Duplex Technology (FFDT). 
It retains the identical network structure as FDDI. Optical fiber is great for transmitting data because it can hold a lot, go far, and resist interference. 

AUI Interface
The AUI interface is specifically designed for connecting thick coaxial cables. Early network cards had such interfaces that connected to hubs and switches to form a network. The AUI interface is a "D" type 15-pin interface that was previously used in token ring networks or bus-type networks. An external transceiver can be used to link it to the 10Base-T Ethernet network.

BNC Connector
BNC is a connector explicitly engineered for linking with thin coaxial cables. Its most common application is a discrete display signal interface. That is, red, green, blue and horizontal and vertical scanning frequencies are used to input the display interface separately. Signals interfere less with each other.

Console interface
Ethernet switches that can be used for network management generally have a "Console" port. Specially used to configure and manage switches. Connecting and configuring the switch through the Console port are necessary steps to configure and manage the switch. 
Because configuration in other ways often requires the help of IP address, domain name or device name. A new switch is incapable of having these parameters pre-installed. So, the Console port is the most commonly used and basic port for managing and configuring the switch.
The locations of console ports vary across different types of switches. Some are located on the front panel, while others are located on the rear panel. Modular switches are often on the front panel, while fixed configuration switches are usually on the rear panel. A mark similar to "CONSOLE" will be above or on the side of the port.
The Console cable for Ethernet switches comes in two types. One type is a serial cable with serial interfaces on both ends. It can be plugged into the computer's serial port and the switch's Console port. The other type is a flat cable with RJ-45 connectors on both ends.
The flat cable's ends are RJ-45 interfaces, so they can't connect directly to the computer's serial port. Therefore, an RJ-45toDB-9 (or RJ-45to DB-25) adapter must also be used at the same time. Usually, a console cable and the matching DB-9 or DB-25 adapter are included in the switch's packaging box.

The above is an introduction to the types of network interfaces.